• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
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    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1001070A1
    申请号:SE1001070
    申请日:2010-11-02
    公开日:2012-04-30
    发明作者:Yngve Linder
    申请人:Yngve Linder；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The second current regulating resistor RS, whereby the transistor is relieved and the power generated in the transistor is reduced compared to the prior art.
    Additional objects and advantages may be identified by one skilled in the art from the detailed description.
    Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will be described in connection with the following drawings, which are provided by way of non-limiting example, in which: Fig. 1 shows a conventional power generator with power resistance.
    Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a simplified current generator with power resistance.
    Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a simplified current generator with power resistance.
    Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of a simplified current generator with power resistance.
    Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a simplified current generator with power resistor.
    Fig. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of a current generator with power resistance.
    Fig. 7 shows a sixth embodiment of a current generator with power resistance.
    Detailed description of preferred embodiments The following components have been used for all test couplings.
    T1, TS: BC557B T2, T4: BC547B D1, D2, D3, D4, D5: 1N4001 p870se00 .doc: 02/11/2010 10 15 20 25 Figure 1 shows a conventional current generator with power resistance R3.
    To generate a voltage reference to the base of transistor T2, point A is connected to a fixed voltage of 10V. If R2O is chosen to lkOhm, a current is conducted through diodes D1 and D2 of about 10 mA, but it is of course possible to use greater care on R20.
    In order for a current of approx. 18mA to fl surface at point C, R1 is set to approx. 330hm. If the highest voltage that point C may have is known, a resistor R3 is connected between the collector and the emitter of transistor T2 to spare the transistor from unnecessary power generation whereby a transistor with lower current / power resistance can be used than would otherwise have been required. At low voltage drops across the transistor, it is the transistor T2 that conducts the current through it, but the more the voltage increases at point C, the more it is the resistor R3 that conducts the current that also passes through the common resistor R1.
    To determine the lowest value of R3, the highest voltage at point C minus the voltage drop across R1 is divided by the current you want to surface at point C, as shown below under Example 1.
    Example 1 Highest known voltage: Umax = 30V Desired input current at point C: Ic = 18mA = 0.018A The voltage drop across R1 = 0.018A * 330hm = 0.6V The voltage drop across the power resistor R3 = 3OV-0.6V = 29.4V = > R3 = 29.4V / 0.018A = 16330hmßl, 5kOhm This gives a real current IC through R1 of 3OV / 15330hm = 19.6mA, which means that the transistor is already fully throttled at Umax = 30O V because the voltage drop across R1 = 19, 6mA * 330hm = 0.64V. p870se00 .doc; 02/11/2010 10 15 20 25 If point C ends up at a potential higher than 27.59V (ie 15330hm * 18mA), the circuit can no longer regulate the current.
    The voltage drop across R1 is then above 0.6V, the transistor is completely throttled and the circuit functions (seen from point C) as a 1.5kOhm resistor in series with a resistor of 330hm.
    Figures 2-5 show different embodiments of a simplified current generator with power resistors, where the connections of R3 in each circuit reduce the power development in the transistors and thus create a more power-resistant current generator compared with current generators according to the prior art.
    The connection of R3 in series with D3 and D4, and R3 in series with R20 means that a relatively constant current will flow through R20. In addition, the number of connection points is reduced to two "1" and "2", instead of three connection points AC as shown in Figure 1, which means that the voltage potential at the base of transistor T2 varies until the voltage across the circuit reaches a few volts and no current through R20 unless the applied potential at connection point “1” is large enough.
    In Figures 2 and 3, the following components have been used: R1 = 330hm, R3 = 1.5kOhm R2O = 3300hm Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of the simplified current generator with power resistor R3, which is connected and dimensioned as below.
    The voltage across R1 becomes approximately the same as the voltage drop across D2 when a sufficiently high voltage is applied across the circuit between switching points “1” and “2”, which means that the current through R1 becomes relatively constant.
    To create give the base of transistor T2 a voltage reference, diodes D1 and D2 are used, and to generate the current required to create a voltage drop across D1 and D2, components D3, D4, RB and R20 are used. Since the voltage drops across the base-emitter UBE of transistor T2 and across p870se00.doc; 02/11/2010 10 15 20 25 D4 is relatively equal, the voltage drop across R2O will be relatively constant, which means that no additional connection point for generating the voltage potential for the base of transistor T2 is needed. The resistor RS will also take care of the current when the voltage rises across the circuit and thus a transistor with lower power resistance can be used than would be necessary if RS was not included in the connection.
    In order to obtain an approximate value of RS, the current through R1 must be stated together with the largest possible voltage drop across the circuit, see below in example 2.
    Example 2 Highest known voltage: UmaX = SOV Desired current through R1: 1R1 = 18mA = 0.018A Desired current through R20 is about 1/10 of the current through R1: IR20 = 1.8 mA Desired voltage drop across R1 and R20, UR1, respectively = UR2o = 0.6V => The voltage drop across DS and D4, respectively, UD3 = UD4 ~ 0.6V The voltage drop across the power resistor R3 = Umax-UD3-UD4-UR1 = 3O-1.8 = 28.2V => R3 = 28, 2V / 0.018A = 15670hm => R20 = 0.6V / 0.0018A = 33SOhm If the voltage across the circuit becomes too high (ie> S0 V), the circuit cannot regulate the current I. The increased current through RS causes the voltage drop across R1 increases until these that transistor T2 is completely throttled and the circuit in principle becomes completely resistive (and can be compared with RS in series with R20 // R1) The connection according to figure 2 gives about 16-21 mA at about 5-30 volts between point "1" and point "2".
    Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the simplified current generator with power resistor RS, which is similar to the coupling described in connection with p870seO0 .dOC; 02/11/2010 10 15 20 25 figure 2 fixed with the addition of a second transistor T4 and diode D5. The collector of the second diode T4 is connected to the emitter of the first transistor T2, the emitter is connected to the resistor R1 and the base is connected to the diode D1. The diode D5 is connected between the bases of the transistors T2 and T4 and creates the required voltage potential to the base of transistor T4.
    Connection according to figure 3 gives about 16-20mA at about 5-30 volts between point "1" and point "2".
    In Figures 4 and 5, the following components have been used: R1 = 330hm, R2O = 3300hm, RS = 1.5kOhm, R4 = 660hm In these connections, the connection principle and the dimensioning of the power resistor RS can be used according to the principle described in connection with Figures 2 and 3.
    Figure 4 shows a third embodiment of a simplified current generator with power resistor R3. The connection is similar to that described in connection with Figure 2 except that the diodes D1 and D2 are replaced by a second transistor T4, where the base is connected to the emitter of transistor T2. The current limiting of the circuit enters (and transistor T4 starts to conduct) when the voltage across R1 exceeds the UBE of T4 (ie about 0.6V), and transistor T4 draws current from the base of transistor T2 which causes transistor T2 to stop conducting when the voltage drop across R1 gets too loud. When transistor T2 conducts and when the voltage across R1 causes T4 to start conducting, the current I generated by R20, D3, D4, UBE (T4) and R3 will be conducted towards connection point "2" from T4. The potential at T4's collector is reduced and T2 limits the current. If the voltage across this circuit becomes too high, transistor T4 will probably break, but by plugging a resistor into the conductor that supplies the base of T4 and / or two series-connected diodes across R1, it is possible to protect T4. p870se00 .doc; 02/11/2010 10 15 20 25 Figure 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a simplified current generator with power resistor R3. The connection is similar to that described in connection with figur 4 except that a diode D1 is connected between T4's emitter and connection point “2” and the resistor R1 has been replaced by a resistor R4 which is twice as large as the resistor R1 in figur 4. This causes the voltage drop over R4 is twice as large compared to the voltage drop across R1 in fi gur 4.
    Coupling according to fi gur 4 and fi gur 5 gives approx. 20-2 lmV at an applied voltage of approx. 3-30V between connection points “1” and “2”. The couplings are stable and work very well.
    Figure 6 shows a fifth embodiment of a current generator with two connection points, which has a more complex design but which operates according to the same principle as the previously shown current generators according to Figures 2-5. The following components have been used: All transistors with odd numbering = BC557B All transistors with even numbering = BC547B All D (diodes) = 1N400l Ds = Schottky diode BAT81 (another type of voltage reference is of course also possible to use) op = McP6oo2 (1/2 ) R1, R2 = 330hm R3 = 1.5kOhm RS = 1500hm The function of the power resistor R3 is the same as in the previously described embodiments in Figures 1-5. With the components used, the connection gives 20mA with a connection voltage of about 2.4 to 3OV, which gives a stable and very good connection.
    In the connection, R3, D3 and D4 generate a voltage which is slightly higher than the potential at the base of transistor T2. This voltage is used to provide p870se00.doc; 02/11/2010 10 15 20 25 30 an operational amplifier Op a working voltage / supply voltage.
    Depending on which operational amplifier is used, what current you want the connection to provide and depending on the gain (hm) of transistor T2, the number of diodes may need to be adjusted. If a higher current through the connection is desired, it is possible to Darlington-connect two transistors and insert a diode in series with D3 and D4. However, it shifts the voltage by about + 0.6V which is needed for the circuit to start regulating.
    When a voltage is applied across the circuit between point "1" and point "2", a current begins to flow through R3, this current gives rise to a voltage drop across diodes D3 and D4, where the resulting voltage drop across D3 and D4 is used to give the operational amplifier Op supply voltage. The operational amplifier which is connected as a "voltage comparator" compares the voltages at its plus and minus inputs, since at the "plus branch" at the inputs of the operational amplifier there is a shot diode Ds towards connection point 2, the positive input will be "high" before the negative input (in the initial stage) , which means that the output of the operational amplifier will also be "high".
    Since the supply voltage of the operational amplifier will be higher than the UBE (ie> 0.6V) of transistor T2, transistor T2 will conduct a current.
    When the voltage drop across Ds is about 0.55V with the selected component values, the output of the Operational Amplifier will be "high" until the voltage drop across R1 exceeds the voltage approx. 0.55V. Note the following! By selecting a suitable value of R5, the current through Ds will be at a value where the voltage drop across Ds is more or less insensitive to temperature changes (which means about 3-4 mA for the selected component BAT81). In this connection with the component values selected here, the voltages across R1, R2, R5 and Ds will be equal.
    Figure 7 shows a sixth embodiment which is basically similar to that described in connection with Figure 6. However, the resistor R5 has been connected to a p870se00.doc; 02/11/2010 10 point between D3 and R3 and the operational amplifier's positive input. In order to be able to generate a current of between 3-4 mA through the bulkhead diode Ds (see discussion above), the value of R5 must be selected approximately 3 times higher than above. Other component values are unchanged.
    In the embodiments described above, the resistor RS is current-limiting and is also part of a power-resistant circuit, where diodes D3 and D4 are also included, if applicable. The resistor R1 is also current-limiting. The NPN transistor T2 is controlled by a potential generating circuit which essentially consists of a resistor R2O connected to the base which is also connected to connection point "2" via a potential generating component. This component may consist of at least two diodes D1 and D2 connected in series (see Figures 1 and 2), or an additional NPN transistor T4 (see Figure 4) or combinations thereof (see Figure 3 with D1, D2, D5 and T4; or Figure 4). 5 with D1 and T4). p870se0O.doc; 02/11/2010
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    A power-resistant current generator comprising an NPN transistor whose collector is connected to a first switching point (C; 1) and an emitter is connected via at least a first current regulating resistor (R1) to a second switching point (B; 2), where a potential generating circuit is connected to the base of the NPN transistor, characterized in that the current generator also comprises a power-resistant circuit connected between the first connection point and the emitter of the NPN transistor which comprises a second current regulating resistor (RS).
    [2]
    The current generator of claim 1, wherein the current generator is configured to start conducting current when a potential is applied to the base of the NPN transistor, which potential is higher than the voltage at the second switching point (B; 2).
    [3]
    A current generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power-resistant circuit is connected to said potential-generating circuit whereby an applied voltage between the first and second switching points causes a current to be generated from said first to said second switching point.
    [4]
    The current generator according to claim 3, wherein the power counting circuit further comprises two series-connected diodes (D3, D4) connected in series with said second current-regulating resistor.
    [5]
    A current generator according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the potential generating circuit comprises: - a resistor (R20), the first connection of which is connected to a point between said second current regulating resistor (R3) and said series-connected diodes (D3, D4) and second connection is connected to the base of the NPN transistor, and - a potential generating component (D1, D2; T4) connected between the base of the NPN transistor and the second connection point (2). p870se00 .docï 02/11/2010 10 15 20 25 ll
    [6]
    The current generator according to claim 3, wherein the potential generating circuit comprises an operational amplifier (Op) whose output is connected to the base of the NPN transistor and the supply voltage is obtained from a point between said second current regulating resistor (R3) and said series-connected diodes (D3, D4).
    [7]
    The current generator according to claim 6, wherein the potential generating circuit also comprises - a bulkhead diode (Ds) connected in series with a first resistor (R5) between said second connection point (2) and the emitter of the NPN transistor, where a first input of the operational amplifier is connected to a point between the first resistor (R5) and the bulkhead diode (Ds), and - a second resistor (R2) connected in series with the first current-limited resistor (R1) between the second switching point (2) and the emitter of the NPN transistor, where a second input of the operational amplifier is connected to a point between the first current-limited resistor (R1) and the second resistor (RQ).
    [8]
    The current generator according to claim 6, wherein the potential generating circuit further comprises - a bulkhead diode (DS) connected in series with a first resistor (R5) between said second switching point (2) and the point between said second current regulating resistor (R3) and said series connected diodes (D3). , D4), where a first input of the operational amplifier is connected to a point between the first resistor (R5) and the shot diode (Ds), and - a second resistor (R2) connected in series with the first current-limited resistor (R1) between the second the connection point (2) and the emitter of the NPN transistor, where a second input of the operational amplifier is connected to a point between the first current-limited resistor (R1) and the second resistor (RZ). p870se00.d0C; 02/11/2010
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    同族专利:
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    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1001060|2010-10-29|
    SE1001070A|SE535406C2|2010-10-29|2010-11-02|A power-resistant power generator|SE1001070A| SE535406C2|2010-10-29|2010-11-02|A power-resistant power generator|
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    PCT/SE2011/051284| WO2012057692A1|2010-10-29|2011-10-28|A power durable current generator|
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